大航海時代に、種子島に漂着したイエズス会の話。彼らはポルトガルと言う小さな国の教会の人で、ヨーロッパにはスペインという大きな国がひとつあるだけという話のように教科書に書いてあったような気がする。

ところが、そのスペインのあるヨーロッパは結構複雑な事情があり、カール5世の何代か前の皇帝はドイツ語の人だったらしい。

神聖ローマ皇帝が、ルートヴィヒ4世（ヴィッテルスバッハ）からカール5世（ハプスブルグ）になるまで。を調べてみた。

まとめ：

カール5世の称号は沢山あるが、バイエルン大公と、フランス王の称号はない。

血筋だけは持っているが領土を相続できなかったそう。

ドイツが強くなるには、ドイツ語が絶対必要だ、と言うバイエルン人。

もらえるはずだった遺領は、別の血筋のプファルツ・ノイブルク公が相続した（ライン宮中伯の家系）

カール5世は自分がドイツ人だという自覚が余りなく、馬の言葉とか言っている・・

それに対して、フランス語は結構好きみたい。（母方からブルゴーニュ公国を相続させたから）

結婚には、イタリアのヴィスコンティ家という貴族が関わっている。

<Duke of Bavaria and as Louis I also Margrave of Brandenburg and Count of Tyrol.>
Ludwig V., 1315年 - 1361年9月18日
Margarete von Tirol, 1318年 - 1369年10月3日

<His Child>

Meinhard III 1344年　2月9日-1363年1月13日

Duke of Upper Bavaria and the last Count of Tyrol from the House of Wittelsbach.
Meinhard III died at Tirol Castle near Meran in 1363. His early death induced his mother to give Tyrol to the Austrian Duke Rudolf IV of Habsburg. Therefore Meinhard's uncle Stephen II of Bavaria-Landshut, who had succeeded him in Upper Bavaria, invaded Tyrol but finally released the county in 1369, in return for a huge financial compensation.

<His Parents 1>
Duke Stephen II of Bavaria (1319 – 13 May 1375, Landshut) (German: Stephan II mit der Hafte, Herzog von Bayern), after 1347 Duke of Bavaria. He was the second son of Emperor Louis IV the Bavarian by his first wife Beatrix of Świdnica and a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty.
Family and children

He was married twice. First, 27 June 1328 to Elizabetta of Sicily, daughter of King Frederick III of Sicily and Eleanor of Anjou. Second, he was married 14 February 1359 to Margarete of Nuremberg, daughter of John II of Nuremberg and Elisabeth of Henneberg. All his children were from his first marriage, including three sons, who finally divided Bavaria among themselves in 1392 and one daughter:
1.Stephen III of Bavaria-Ingolstadt (1337–September 26, 1413, Niederschönfeld).
2.Frederick of Bavaria-Landshut (1339–December 4, 1393, Budweis).
3.John II of Bavaria-Munich (1341–1397).
4.Agnes (b. 1338), married c. 1356 King James I of Cyprus.

Two of Stephen's sons (Stephen III and Frederick) and one grandson (John's son Ernest) were married to daughters of his ally Bernabò Visconti.

In 1447 Bavaria-Ingolstadt was united with Bavaria-Landshut, which was seized by Bavaria-Munich in 1503.

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Duke Stephen III of Bavaria (German, in full: Stephan III der Kneißl, Herzog von Bayern; 1337 – 26 September 1413, Niederschönenfeld) was a Duke of Bavaria since 1375. He was the eldest son of Stephen II and Elizabeth of Sicily.

<His Parents2>
Frederick II the Serious (German: Friedrich II. der Ernsthafte) (30 November 1310 in Gotha – 18 November 1349 at the Wartburg), Margrave of Meissen, son of Frederick I, Margrave of Meissen and Elisabeth von Lobdeburg-Arnshaugk.

★<ITALIA>★
・Frederick II (or III) (13 December 1272 – 25 June 1337) was the regent (from 1291) and subsequently King of Sicily from 1295 until his death. He was the third son of Peter III of Aragon and served in the War of the Sicilian Vespers on behalf of his father and brothers, Alfonso and James. He was confirmed as King of Trinacria (another name for the island of Sicily) by the Peace of Caltabellotta in 1302. His reign saw important constitutional reforms: the Constitutiones regales, Capitula alia, and Ordinationes generales.
・Bernabò Visconti (also called Barnabò) (1323 – 18 December 1385) was an Italian soldier and statesman, who was Lord of Milan.

<Habsburg>
Rudolf IV der Stifter ("the Founder") (November 1, 1339 – July 27, 1365) was a scion of the House of Habsburg and Duke (self-proclaimed Archduke) of Austria and Duke of Styria and Carinthia from 1358, as well as Count of Tyrol from 1363 and first Duke of Carniola from 1364 until his death. After the Habsburgs got nothing from the decree of the Golden Bull in 1356, he gave order to draw up the "Privilegium Maius", a fake document to empower the Austrian rulers.
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Duke Leopold III of Austria (November 1, 1351 – July 9, 1386) from the Habsburg family, was Duke of Austria from 1365 to 1379, and Duke of Styria and Carinthia (Inner Austria) in 1365–1386.
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Ernest the Iron (German: Ernst der Eiserne; 1377 – June 10, 1424) was Duke of Styria, Carinthia and Carniola (collectively Inner Austria) from 1406 until his death. He was a member of the Habsburg dynasty, of the Leopoldian line, whose head of the family he was from 1411 to 1424.

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Frederick the Peaceful KG (21 September 1415 – 19 August 1493) was Duke of Austria as Frederick V from 1424, the successor of Albert II as German King as Frederick IV from 1440, and Holy Roman Emperor as Frederick III from 1452. In 1493, he was succeeded by his son Maximilian I after ten years of joint rule.

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Maximilian I (22 March 1459 – 12 January 1519), the son of Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor and Eleanor of Portugal, was King of the Romans (also known as King of the Germans) from 1486 and Holy Roman Emperor from 1493 until his death, though he was never in fact crowned by the Pope, the journey to Rome always being too risky. He had ruled jointly with his father for the last ten years of his father's reign, from c. 1483. He expanded the influence of the House of Habsburg through war and his marriage in 1477 to Mary of Burgundy, the heiress to the Duchy of Burgundy, but he also lost the Austrian territories in today's Switzerland to the Swiss Confederacy.